Estudio del Ministerio de Economía indica que la mortalidad materna es superior en zona fronteriza

De las siete provincias analizadas, Independencia es la que registra la mayor tasa con 355 puntos

El Ministerio de Economía, Planificación y Desarrollo lanzó este jueves su «Monitor de la frontera«, una herramienta de seguimiento a los temas que impactan la zona fronteriza, para así elaborar mejores políticas públicas.

En esta ocasión, se tomaron dos parámetros relacionados a la Saludmortalidad materna y embarazos en adolescentes, utilizando como fuentes data del Ministerio de Salud Pública, el Servicio Nacional de Salud (SNS) y el Observatorio de la Zona Fronteriza.

Erick Dorrejo, director de Políticas de Desarrollo de la Zona Fronteriza, destacó que esa área del país se caracteriza por ser una de las más empobrecidas, con 59.1 % de los hogares dentro de los grupos socioeconómicos bajo y muy bajo.

La realidad de los números

Conformada por siete provincias: Bahoruco, Montecristi, Elías Piña, Pedernales, Santiago Rodríguez, Dajabón e Independencia, la zona fronteriza presenta una tasa promedio de mortalidad materna de 190.4, superior al resto del país que exhibe 123.9. 

Independencia es la provincia con más muertes maternas (355.0), seguida de Elías Piña (340.87) y Dajabón (280.4).

Johanna Vásquez, economista con especialidad en ciencias de datos, socializó los resultados, destacando que, en 2023, la población femenina en edad fértil era menor en el área de la frontera (47.7 %), frente al 52 % del resto de la República. Elías Piña registró la menor proporción de mujeres en edad fértil en todo el país.

Independencia (6 %), Dajabón (10.2 %) y Santiago Rodríguez (10.7 %), son las tres provincias donde menos partos se realizaron entre los años 2020 y 2023. 

Vásquez señaló que en 2023, en total hubo 854 nacimientos a lo largo de la frontera, una reducción de 10 % comparado al 2010.

La especialista recordó que «la mortalidad materna se refiere a la defunción de mujeres durante el parto o 42 días después del mismo». 

La Organización Mundial de la Salud (OMS) indica que cada año mueren unas 600 mil mujeres, 800 cada día, por causas prevenibles y más del 90 % ocurre en países en vías de desarrollo.

«Es un problema estructural de la República Dominicana», acotó.

Medida por cada 100 mil nacimientos vivos, en 2023, la tasa de mortalidad materna se situó en 127 a nivel país, siendo superada en seis de las siete líneas fronterizas, quedando solo Santiago Rodríguez por debajo del esquema con 105.4.

El 60 % de estas muertes ocurren durante el embarazo y el 40 % al momento del parto. En cambio, en el resto del país, el 30 % fallece en el embazaro y el 20 % en el parto. Los hallazgos indicaron que las principales causas son por: falta de recursos económicos, carencias nutricionales, problemas de transporte y temas culturales.

Vásquez argumentó que se necesita más «atención prenatal temprana que evite riesgos y políticas públicas para tratar este flagelo«.

Agregó que «las provincias pobres tienen 2.2 veces mayor mortalidad materna que otras provincias con pobreza multidimensional menor».

Embarazo adolescente

En 2023, unas 1,703 adolescentes con edades entre 10 y 19 años estaban embarazadas en la frontera. El 23.3 % de ellas eran residentes en Montecristi y 20.8 % en Bahoruco. 

«No se ha visto en los últimos años una baja de ese flagelo«, dijo Vásquez.

La cifra más alta se registró en 2017 con 1,828 embarazos en jovencitas.

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104 comentario sobre «Estudio del Ministerio de Economía indica que la mortalidad materna es superior en zona fronteriza»
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